mohammad sahebi; Navid Firuzi
Abstract
Khafi is one of the dialects of Persian which is common in the city of Khaf (situated in Khorasan Province). The Dialect has a number of differences from Standard Persian regarding phonetics, phonology, and morphology. In this article, simple vowels in the Khafi dialect are described and categorized ...
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Khafi is one of the dialects of Persian which is common in the city of Khaf (situated in Khorasan Province). The Dialect has a number of differences from Standard Persian regarding phonetics, phonology, and morphology. In this article, simple vowels in the Khafi dialect are described and categorized through minimal pairs and according to generative phonological theory. In order to study and perform an accurate and quantitative comparison, an acoustic experiment is carried out involving eight male speakers in the city of Khaf and within the framework of Source-Filter theory, the acoustic features of these vowels are studied and measured in an unstressed open syllable. In this article, first of all, the average frequency of first and second formants (quality acoustic correlates) of simple vowels in Khafi and Standard Persian are presented on the hertz scale and the average duration of these vowels is presented according to the millisecond, then the quantitative difference of acoustic features of the vowels in Khafi from Standard Persian is measured according to percentage and the results are analyzed. Acoustic vowel space in the Khafi dialect is drawn. In order to study these vowels concerning auditory, the quantity of first and second formants are changed from hertz to auditory and non-linear Bark measurement and are shown in a table then based on these numbers and in order to study the similarities and differences more accurately, Euclidean distance of the vowels in Khafi with the vowels in Standard Persian are calculated.
Maryam Reza Asa
Abstract
In most Persian phonetics resources, there is no absolute unanimity regarding the manner of articulation of uvular consonant /G/. The present study sought to investigate the manner of articulation in standard conversational Persian through intervocalic, initial, final and clustered phonological environments ...
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In most Persian phonetics resources, there is no absolute unanimity regarding the manner of articulation of uvular consonant /G/. The present study sought to investigate the manner of articulation in standard conversational Persian through intervocalic, initial, final and clustered phonological environments on the basis of acoustic methods. In so doing, the speech samples of ten native speakers of standard Persian (five males and five females) all from educated class who were unfamiliar to linguistics and were within age range of 20-30 were recorded and analyzed through Praat software. According to the analyses, the following major allophones were recognized: voiced stop [G], approximant [ʁ], and voiced fricative [γ]- in free alternation with each other in most of phonological contexts. Furthermore, in conversational speech of some speakers, in some special words, voiceless fricative [x] was in free alternation with its other variants as an allophone. Statistics shows that voiced stop [G] in the above-mentioned contexts occurs more frequently than other variants. It can be concluded that the most frequent variant and representative of this phoneme in standard Persian must be known as /G/.
